Stories & Tips

Massachusetts has the Biggest Senior Prison Population

Massachusetts has the Biggest Senior Prison Population

While NH may have the second highest senior population, Massachusetts has the largest senior prison population. It’s growing more everyday too. The question is why are there so many seniors in prison and how to do we properly take care of them?

Massachusetts has the Biggest Senior Prison Population

Massachusetts has the Biggest Senior Prison Population

 

According to the state Department of Correction (DOC), as of Jan. 1, 2018, there were 909 men aged 60 and older in prison. The average age of someone in prison in the state is 42-years-old.

The oldest inmate is 95!

Problems with senior abuse in state prisons has highlighted the problems that the system faces when it comes to senior prisoners. Prisoners aged 60 and over make up around 11% of the whole population of 8,852.

Senior Prison Population Rising

 

An interesting statistic about Massachusetts’ prison population is that the overall population is decreasing. Though, the elderly prison population has been steadily rising.

From 1999 to 2016, seniors in state and federal prisons increased 280%.

Pew Researchers believe that the growth of seniors in prison is due to the nature of the crimes they committed and how long they were sentenced for. Many older inmates were convicted of serious or violent crimes in their younger years.

Between 1993 and 2013, two-thirds of people 55 or older were sentenced for a violent crime like assault, rape, or murder.

Read more here.

New Research Shows a Changeable Factor in Dementia

What Happens When a Potential Alzheimer's Treatment Fails?

It can feel like developing dementia is inevitable. Though new research is showing that there is something that is a changeable factor in dementia. There is something in our body that helps minimize the risk.

New Research Shows a Changeable Factor in Dementia

New Research Shows a Changeable Factor in Dementia

 

The University of Pittsburgh followed hundreds of seniors for more than 15 years for a study published in Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease.

They found that arterial stiffness is a good way to predict who will develop dementia. This is good because arterial stiffness can be helped with antihypertensive drugs. There are also lifestyle interventions that you can do to help prevent or delay the onset of dementia.

“As the large arteries get stiffer, their ability to cushion the pumping of blood from the heart is diminished, and that transmits increased pulsing force to the brain, which contributes to silent brain damage that increases dementia risk.” —Senior author Rachel Mackey, Ph.D., M.P.H., assistant professor of epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health.

The study looked into the ties between arterial stiffness and dementia among 356 older patients. The average was of 78. The participants were dementia free when the study started.

They tested the stiffness with pulse wave velocity (PWV). This is a noninvasive measure of the speed that blood pressure pulse travels through the arteries.

The Results of the Test

 

It was found that subjects with PWV readings were 60% more likely to develop dementia during 15 years compared to those with lower PWV values.

Arterial stiffness is connected to subclinical brain disease and are risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

It’s thought that arterial stiffness increases the risk of dementia because it increases the subclinical brain damage.

Read more about the study here.

Constipation in the Elderly

Could Parkinson's Start in the Stomach

Did you know that constipation in the elderly happens 5 times more than with younger adults? There are a few reasons why this happens. If not taken care of, it can cause a lot of pain. If you notice your senior is having stomach problems, this could be the cause.

Constipation in the Elderly

Cause of Constipation in the Elderly

 

A few big reasons for constipation are a bad diet, not drinking enough, and some medications.

Eating gets more difficult as you get older. Especially, with single or widowed older people. It can just take up too much energy. They will eat food that’s easier to eat and is low in fiber. Loss of teeth is another issue with eating for many seniors. They will often it soft, processed foods that have little to no fiber. Fiber is what keeps your bowels moving.

On top of constipation, lack of drinking liquids can cause urinary incontinence and stress incontinence. If seniors don’t eat, they don’t get fluids that way either.

Fluids are important because it softens stools to make them easier to pass.

Lack of exercise is another big factor. Many seniors could be on bed rest or bedridden and that means they don’t get up and move around.

Some antidepressants, antacids that have aluminum or calcium, antihistamines, diuretics, and anti-Parkinsonism drugs can cause constipation.

Common Types of Constipation in the Elderly

 

There are a few different types of constipation. Depending on the type some solutions will be better than others.

Normal Transit Constipation

This is the most common. This means that stool is going through the colon normally, but patients still have a hard time going to the bathroom. This can also be known as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). The difference between the two is that IBS causes abdominal pain.

Low-Transit Constipation

This is seen more in women. There is little bowel movements, no urgency, or fighting to pass stool. This means that the colon is moving slowly.

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

This is a problem with the muscles in your pelvic floor or around the anus. People who have this have a hard time coordinating these muscles when going to the bathroom. The colon is also slow with this problem too.

How to Diagnosis Constipation

 

You start with looking at the history of the person who has it and get them looked at by the doctor. They will look at medications, lifestyle, and diet to see if someone is truly constipated. Going to the doctors is important because it might not just be constipation. It could be colon or rectal cancer.

Other causes are:

  • Heart diseases

 

  • Diabetes mellitus

 

  • Under active thyroid

 

  • Increased blood calcium

 

  • Low blood potassium

 

  • Increased blood magnesium

 

  • Overactive parathyroid glands

 

  • Dermatomyostitis

 

  • Systemic sclerosis

 

  • Autonomic neuropathy

 

  • Parkinson’s disease

 

  • Spinal cord lesions

 

  • Dementia

 

  • Depression

 

  • Anal Fissure

 

  • Diverticular disease

 

  • Strictures

 

  • IBS

 

  • Rectal prolapsed

 

  • Volvulus

 

  • Megacolon

Read more about this here.

8 Things You Should Never Say to Your Parents

How to Care for Seniors During Covid-19

We’ve all said things that we wish we hadn’t, it’s part of being human. Though slipping up around aging parents can be especially painful for both of you. Aging parents tend to repeat themselves, they forget things, they ask a lot of questions, and other types of small things can frustrate you. Things tend to slip out sometimes. Things we wished we didn’t say. Here are 8 things you should never say to your parents.

8 Things You Should Never Say to Your Parents

8 Things You Should Never Say to Your Parents

 

You know it’s bad to say mean things to your parents, but it’s a human mistake. Though people who are aging and have physical or mental limitations can be more sensitive than you think. Your frustration is a reminder that they aren’t as young as they used to be.

Here are 8 things you really shouldn’t say.

1. How Can You Not Remember That?

As frustrating as it can be to repeat yourself, try your best to not say this phrase. A person’s short-term memory goes before their long-term, so everyday things disappear easier than you think. Things like where you put your glass or keys will leave your head before you know it.

You can instead leave Post-It notes around with gentle reminders. You can explain the situation again in a different way that way you don’t feel like you are repeating yourself as much.

2. You Could Do That If You Really Tried.

Everyday tasks get a lot harder as you get older. The simple act of changing a light bulb becomes a lot harder because your legs may shake. Tying shoes can be downright painful if you have arthritis.

Don’t shame your parent for needing help. Instead see how you can help them. Maybe you can assist them with their shoes or encourage them to ask for help that way they feel in control.

3. I Just Showed You How to Use (Blank) Yesterday.

Learning technology is tough for any adult, especially if you never grew up around it. Things that have a lot of buttons and options have a unique challenge for people whose eyesight is failing.

Instead just show them again and explain everything as simply as you can. Some cable providers even offer older American friendly remote controls that have a simpler design. You can even type out directions that will be easy to follow.

4. What Does That Have to Do With What We’re Talking About?

Conversations can easily change directions with someone older. You can be talking about one thing and then your parent can be talking about a totally different subject. This can be because they can’t keep their mind on the thread or they are bored and want to change the subject.

If the conversation is important to you, try to bring the conversation back to the original without being sharp with them.

5. You Already Told Me That.

Let’s be honest, we all repeat ourselves. It only seems annoying when our parents do it because it seems like they do it all the time.

Instead, try to make a joke out of it like, “No kidding? And don’t tell me that the next thing you did was…” This way your parent doesn’t feel bad and can have a laugh too.

6. I Want Your (Blank) When You Die.

This is bad on every level. You make yourself seem like a vulture and make your parents feel like you can’t wait for them to pass, just so you can get their stuff.

Instead, ask them what they want to give to people and help them create a list.

7. Wake Up! I Thought You Wanted to See This.

Any sort of darken area can encourage your parents to take a quick nap. This is fine as long as it doesn’t bother those around them. There’s no need to remind them that what they are doing is strange.

Older people need more sleep to keep up their energy.

8. You Got the Name Wrong, It’s (Blank).

How many times have you mixed up names before? While this can be a sign of cognitive impairment, it’s also just a normal problem with word recall. If this happens often, this could mean you need to see a doctor.

If you have remind them of the right name, keep your tone in mind.

Read more here.

Caregivers Are the New Working Moms

Caregivers Are the New Working Moms

People taking care of their elderly parents are being called today’s version of the 1980s “working mom.” In the 80s, childcare was brought into the spotlight when American dads and moms entered the workforce. It caused companies to have to work with parents. Now, caregivers are the new working moms.

Caregivers Are the New Working Moms

Caregivers Are the New Working Moms

 

Companies are now facing a new challenge: adult children caring for their aging parents. As Americans live longer, we are developing Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia more and more.

This means aging parents need more care and attention from their children. Their children are around 25% of the U.S. workforce.

The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) tried to warn everyone of this problem over 10 years ago. Its 2003 Eldercare Survey showed that 25% out of nearly 300 human resource professionals said they gave time for employees who needed to care for their parents.

In that same survey, 94% admitted there wasn’t any official policy to do so.

SHRM warned that the issue of workers caring for parents would eventually “severely impact production, retention, and employee satisfaction,” if not dealt with.

It can be hard for human resource employees because they don’t have a formal policy to follow. They are stuck between the company and the employee. It can be hard for them to strike a balance.

The Cost for Employers and Caregivers

 

The cost of caring for elderly parents is high. In 2006, absenteeism due to caregiving created a loss of more than $33 billion to employers. In 2011, $3 trillion was lost to caregivers. An individual caregiver can miss out on an average of $300,000 in earnings, retirement, and Social Security benefits.

Read more here.

9 Things That Happen to Your Body as You Age

The goal is to grow old, right? Everyone wants to have a long life. You may notice that your body changes as you get older though. Some of these changes are good, others are not so good. Some may even just be plain confusing. Here are 9 things that happen to your body as you age.

9 Things That Happen to Your Body as You Age

9 Things That Happen to Your Body as You Age

 

These changes may surprise you.

1. You Sweat Less

Researchers have found that the sweat glands shrink and become less sensitive as you age. So, no more awkward sweat stains on your shirt. Though this can also mean that you get hot very quickly, very easily.

2. You Lose Muscles

Muscle mass begins to decline as soon as you turn 30. It’s replaced by fat. By 75, your body fat is twice as much as when you were younger.

3. Teeth Less Sensitive

The hard inner tissue, dentin, is built up between the enamel of your tooth and its central nerve. This added padding decreases greatly later in life.

Plus, your gums recede, exposing the roots. This can make it easier to lose teeth or get cavities.

4. Smaller Brain

As you get older, parts of your brain shrink. Specifically, the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, which are key to learning and memory.

It’s been estimated that the brain loses neurons at a rate of 50, 000 a day after age 30.

Though the average human brain has more than 100 billion neurons and brains learn how to adapt.

5. Less Colds

By the time you reach middle age, you’ve built up quite the immune system. So no more runny noses for you.

6. Less Migraines

This is for the ladies specifically. Because of menopause, you get less migraines. Studies show that 67% get relief after menopause because of hormone levels.

7. You Taste Less

By the time you reach age 60, you have lost half of your taste buds. This is why older people eat food that is high in sugar, salt, and fat.

8. Hearing Loss

Hearing loss can happen as early as your 20s.  It tends be slow and not noticeable until you turn 50. 1 in 3 adults have hearing loss by age 65. By 75, it’s 1 in 2 adults.

9. You Get Happier

Studies have shown that older people are happier with time. As a kid, you are happy. Then, as you get older, that sense of happiness lessens. Then by the time you are a senior, you’re happy again. Some people believe this is due to either hormones or the stages you are at in your life.

Read more here.

Evacuating Seniors During Emergencies Takes Practice

Evacuating Seniors During Emergencies Takes Practice

New Hampshire isn’t new to extreme weather, but there’s been a lot of  natural disasters happening around the country as of late. While watching the news and feeling bad for the locals, people may forget about the seniors that live there. Seniors are especially vulnerable to disasters and evacuating seniors during emergencies takes a lot of practice and planning.

Evacuating Seniors During Emergencies Takes Practice

Evacuating Seniors During Emergencies Takes Practice

 

Charleston’s Bishop Gadsden Retirement Community in South Carolina has worked to make evacuations feel normal for the residents. They plan 24/7 for emergencies. They need to be ready to move once hurricane season kicks in.

When Hurricane Florence came, it was go time for all the communities of Charleston. For Bishop Gadsden, they were ready. Ambulances arrived at 2 A.M. to take 14 seniors too frail to make the journey sitting. The remaining residents boarded buses for a mountaintop inn. A U-Haul followed behind with walkers and a different bus had all their pets.

Why Evacuating is Such High Stakes

 

Moving a bunch of seniors is full of high stakes. Any small setback, like not enough oxygen tanks or lost medication, can have dire consequences. Even when it’s done perfectly, problems can arise.

This is because residents are used to a routine and can get really shaken up by any change. They can get anxious and may need more oxygen tanks than usual. There can be upset stomachs too.

Just because one evacuation goes well, that doesn’t mean community leaders can rest. Instead, they immediately get to work on how to make the journey easier next time.

Are You Evacuation Ready?

 

As mentioned before, extreme weather happens often in New Hampshire, are you prepared? If your senior is in a community, do you know if they have evacuation plans? Do they have plans in case they get snowed in?

If your senior lives at home, have you created a plan for them? Do you have extra supplies in case of a snow in? Do you have an emergency plan in case they lose power and heat? Seniors are especially sensitive to cold.

Before the winter season really kicks in, make sure to have a game plan ready for your senior. These communities have spent years perfecting this craft.

You may only have a few weeks.

Read more here.

8 Foods Not to Eat If You’re Trying to Sleep

8 Foods Not to Eat If You're Trying to Sleep

The United States has a sleeping problem. A lack of sleeping problem. You know what it’s like to be so tired that you know your brain isn’t working right. You get so desperate to get good sleep. You’ll do anything. Have you thought about the food you eat at night? There are eight specific foods not to eat around bedtime.

8 Foods Not to Eat If You're Trying to Sleep

8 Foods Not to Eat If You’re Trying to Sleep

 

This list of food are ones you should avoid at least 3 hours before you go to sleep.

1. Dark Chocolate

While dark chocolate is great for a sugar craving, it’s not good for your sleep. Certain dark chocolates can have up to 25 to 38% of the caffeine found in a cup of coffee.

All chocolate, even milk chocolate, has caffeine. Though the darker the chocolate, the more caffeine it has.

2. Steak

You already know you have to be careful with how much meat you eat. But, did you know fatty foods that are full of protein digest slowly? This messes with your Circadian rhythm if you eat it too close to bedtime.

Also, high fat, high protein diets have been linked to sleep apnea. This is a disorder that messes with your breathing and causes sleep problems.

3. Alcohol

Even though you would think alcohol will help you relax at night, it may not be true. Studies have shown that while it will help you fall asleep faster, it messes with your sleep cycle.

This is because it reduces the amount of the slow-wave sleep and REM sleep you have. These are responsible for repairing and restoring the mind and body.

4. Spicy Food

Lying down after eating a heavy, full of spice meal can give you heartburn. Studies have found that eating spicy food before bed will reduce the overall amount of sleep, but also raise a person’s body temperature. High temperature is linked with inadequate rest.

5. Decaf Coffee

Decaf coffee isn’t as innocent as it looks. It contains enough caffeine to create a bad night of sleep. Especially if you are caffeine sensitive.

6. Broccoli or Cauliflower

Yes, eating your veggies is good and healthy, just don’t do it before bed. These veggies contain tryptophan, which helps the body produce serotonin and regulates sleep.

But if you eat them before bed, it can keep your body working throughout the night because they are high in fiber. Your stomach will spend all night digesting them.

7. French Fries

Even though they are delicious, high-fat foods can prevent sleep. They put your digestive system into overdrive and will give you bad heartburn.

8. Chili

Like mentioned before, spicy food is not suitable for sleep. Because it has hot sauce in it, it will give you heartburn and an upset stomach.

Read more here.

7 Tips to Keep Exercising as You Age

7 Tips to Keep Exercising as You Age

Exercising on a good day is hard. Exercising as you get older and your body fights you is even harder. Staying in motion is key to a senior’s life. It helps them from losing muscles and staying strong.

7 Tips to Keep Exercising as You Age

7 Tips to Keep Exercising as You Age

 

Whether it’s your beloved senior or yourself, these 7 tips may help you exercise as you age.

1. Put It On Your Calendar

It’s easy to tell yourself that you don’t have time to exercise. But, if you schedule it like you would with any other appointment, then it will be easier to have the time.

It will also help you make it a habit instead of a chore.

2. Have a Workout Buddy

Doing something new is hard when you are alone. See if any of your friends are also increasing the amount of exercise they do. Then you can become support for each other as you start and go through some rough patches.

It could even make it fun.

3. Push Yourself

This may confuse you, but pushing yourself can keep you exercising. Doing more challenging exercises will give you more pleasure post workout.

You will feel more accomplished, which will make you want to do it more.

4. Be Creative

If you hate going to the gym, then find other ways to exercise. See if there are community classes or any outdoor classes. You can even just take a walk everyday.

Don’t limit yourself.

5. Be Careful

You won’t be exercising if you hurt yourself. You need to find a nice balance between challenging yourself and endangering yourself. Be aware of how much your body can take.

Also, consider how flexible your body can be. Maybe include yoga in your routine. It can lessen the chance that you will hurt yourself.

6. Create Your Own Motivation

You need motivation to do anything, exercising is no different. Some people have the motivation because they want to lose weight or gain muscles. They are more likely to continue exercising than people who have no motivation.

So, create a goal for yourself and it will help you keep going.

7. It’s Your Future

Remember, even though it’s annoying now, it will help you in the future. It will help you when you are older and keep you healthy when you can’t physically exercise.

Read more here.

No One is Talking About Seniors When We Talk About Gun Laws

Massachusetts has the Biggest Senior Prison Population

Gun laws are a polarizing topic. It seems you are either for or against them. But one thing no one is talking about is seniors with guns. More specifically, seniors with dementia who have guns. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association talks about how few laws address this issue.

No One is Talking About Seniors When We Talk About Gun Laws

No One is Talking About Seniors When We Talk About Gun Laws

 

The authors of this article point out that the lack of public policy can lead to more suicides and accidental shootings among baby boomers and older adults. This age group has large rates of gun ownership and developing dementia. 27% of people 65 and older own 1 or 2 guns. 37% live in a home with a gun.

A different study found that 18% of patients with dementia have 1 or more guns in their house. Out of that group, 37% had delusions and 17% had documented hallucinations.

While doctors will tell police that a senior shouldn’t drive, there is no process for someone with a gun.

Tragedy Has Already Struck

 

There are 2 cases that show why we need to talk about this more. An 80-year-old man had dementia and in home care. He shot and killed his aid during a time of heightened confusion.

A different case involved a 72-year-old male. He had cancer that couldn’t be cured and shot himself.

What Can We Do?

 

There have been some “Red Flag Laws” that have popped up in a few states that offer a solution. The laws let families and law enforcement petition a judge for temporary removal of firearms from anyone who is a potential danger.

Physicians should also try to be more comfortable talking to patients and their families about guns in the home.

Everyone should have this conversation before dementia symptoms start to set in.

Read more here.